1.2 NEW USES OF CULVERT IN RAILWAY TRACK

Abstract

Abstract:

This article discusses new types of culverts are one of the most numerous categories of artificial structures on roads of both regional significance. These engineering structures are located in the body of the embankment of the road or railway and provide a safe drainage of water entering the roadbed. Thanks to culverts, the road drainage system provides a constant favorable humidity regime of the ground bases of road clothes and prevents the erosion of the road embankment.

In modern road construction, the most common are two types of culverts: made of corrugated metal and reinforced concrete from prefabricated elements. To increase throughput without increasing the height of the embankment, multi-point pipes are arranged from small pipes laid next to each other.

Key words:

Artificial structures, waterproofing pipes, small bridges, reinforced concrete, concrete and iron pipes.

Introductions. Development of the country's economy, increase in export potential and the role of Railways in the supply of goods to consumers is incomparable. It is no accident that the railways are called the blood vessels of the country's economy it is not. Reforms carried out on the Railways of Uzbekistan sharply increase the load carrying capacity of Express Railways and passenger trains are aimed at raising the speed. Therefore, the design of rail repair in operation a great axamity is earned [1.2.3.4]. In addition, the waterproofing pipes on the railway are the most common artificial structures. Culverts located under the road are something of an alternative to bridges, so if there is no need for the latter, you can use this replacement. In addition, in some situations, it is simply not possible to build a bridge – for example, if the road is located too low [2].

The design of a culvert is a channel that passes through a road embankment. For the construction of a culvert, pipes of such a diameter are used that it is sufficient to transport a large volume of atmospheric precipitation. In addition, such pipes are often used in the creation of large drainage systems and underground passages. This article will focus on culverts and their application features [4.5.6.7].

In the modern market of building materials, culverts are represented in a very diverse way. The main parameter by which such pipes are classified is the material of manufacture.

According to this method of classification, the following types of culverts are distinguished:

• Reinforced concrete;
• Plastic;
• Metal corrugated.

Each material has its own characteristics. One of the main advantages of reinforced concrete structures for water drainage is the ability to create them in the place where they will be installed. The construction process in this case involves the installation of reinforced formwork, which will be filled with a concrete solution.

Figure-1. Reinforced concrete structures for water drainage.

The quality described above can be called quite useful, but it has a serious drawback – a reinforced concrete culvert under the road is installed for a very long time. Of course, there is a solution to this problem, which is to purchase ready-made reinforced concrete structures and deliver them to the installation site. The main quality of such material is its ability to withstand the influence of various external factors.

Various options of polymer products for the arrangement of culverts are a good solution. Plastic pipes withstand external loads well, but for this purpose they have to be further strengthened with the help of a concrete arch, which is filled along the outer edge of the pipe, and the weak resistance of concrete to ground movement in this case does not matter[8].

Culverts made of metal – this is a good solution to the problem of water diversion, but only if you consider it, on the one hand. Metal structures have better strength indicators compared to analogues, but this advantage is completely offset by weak resistance to corrosion. Because of this, metal pipes are only used temporarily for the construction of culverts.

Figure-2. Plastic culverts[5].

However, there is another use for metal products. They are often used for punctures of the roadbed. The fact is that it is not always possible to repair the water pipe that passes under the road, so the pipe is cleared using an external drainage system, which allows for repairs or high-quality cleaning of the system[6].

Figure-3. Culverts made of corrugated metal.

To create a reliable and high-quality culvert, it is best to use SMGK-prefabricated metal corrugated structures. According to the General classification, such structures are not ordinary pipes – the whole system becomes such only in the place where it is necessary to install culverts.

SMGK have a lot of positive qualities that are lacking in simple pipes. The main advantage of the prefabricated structure is the ability to arrange complex structures that can serve for several decades and at the same time calmly survive the impact of seismic shifts. Corrugated road pipe, among other things, is almost a third cheaper than alternative options [7].

Corrugated pipe is a natural geotechnical structure. Together with the surrounding backfill, it forms a coupled structure that accepts the loads acting on it. The corrugated pipe has elasticity, so that a uniform passive pressure is formed in the backfill. Along the pipe contour, the pressure is also uniform. At the same time, normal forces act on it, and there are no bending moments. Working together with the soil, the pipe retains its shape as a result of the stable state formed in the soil. At the same time, longitudinal displacements and deformations are possible, provided by the corrugated shape of the metal. The stabilizing effect of the soil reduces the loads acting on the pipe, compared to the calculated ones [8]. This is evidenced by the diagram of the load factor dependence on the density of the surrounding soil (Fig. 4).

Figure-4. Diagram of the load factor dependence on the density of the surrounding soil.

Based on the analysis of the studies of culverts tubular structures made of corrugated you can do the following for the metal conclusions.

Conclusion.Using culverts allows you to move moisture under the roadbed. Of course, such systems are not relevant in all situations, but sometimes they are the only option for water diversion. A good solution is to use metal pipes as an external protective casing that protects the main pipeline. Usually for these purposes, pipes used for reinforcing the walls of drilling wells are used.

References

1. T. Djabbarov. Design of ekspeks to increase railway power in operation. Т-2016,180 page.
2. Altunin V. I. about the hydraulic mode of road culverts made of corrugated metal / V. I. Altunin, O. N. Chernykh // Roads and bridges. - 2015. - Vol. 1. - No. 33. - Pp. 234-247.
3. Altunin V. I., Chernykh O. N., Fedotov M. V. Culverts in transport construction. Hydraulic work of pipes made of metal corrugated structures. - Moscow: MADI, 2012. - 269 p
4. Abdualiyev E.B., Eshonov F.F. New uses of culvert  Construction. Design Taxi, Issue 2, 2020 year 149-152p.
5. Abdualiev E. B., Embergenov A. B. /Case of waterproofing pipes on railways/ skills of the 21st century for professional activity /volume 2/Tashkent 2021/2/15/ 184-185 p.
6. Abdualiev E.B., Abdukarimov A.M. Increase of productivity and reliability of control of rails. Architectural and construction science and period materials of the Republican scientific and practical conference part №. 2 T.: 2017y. 24-26p.
7. Abdualiyev, E.B. (2019) "Research of surface condition of the rails rolling on sections of high-speed and high-speed train traffic, ," Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers: Vol.15:Iss.2,Article14.Available at:https://uzjournals.edu.uz/tashiit/vol15/iss2/14
8. Abdualiyev, E.B. (2019) "Research of surface condition of the rails rollingon sections of high-speed and high-speed train traffic," Journal of Tashkent Institute of Railway Engineers: Vol.15:Iss.3,Article4. Available at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/tashiit/vol15/iss3/4